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¿Dónde estará Solana dentro de cinco años? Esto dice Anatoly Yakovenko
¿Dónde estará Solana dentro de cinco años? Esto dice Anatoly Yakovenko
Solana es uno de los temas más candentes de este año, con su valor, popularidad y uso general. La moneda ha aumentado más del 13.000 por ciento en 2021, gracias a los aproximadamente 14.000 millones de dólares de valor encerrados en los numerosos protocolos descentralizados construidos sobre Solana.
Este crecimiento llamó la atención de la comunidad y Solana se convirtió rápidamente en una de las blockchains más comentadas.
A Breakpoint 2021 , una conferencia de tres días dedicada al ecosistema de Solana en Lisboa, acudió Anatoly Yakovenko , quien debido haber estado muy contento y gratificado al ver los cientos de asistentes y proyectos sobre Solana, mostrando una diversa gama de dApps y protocolos.
Solana patrocinó un hackathon antes de la conferencia, cuyo resultado fue que más de 500 aplicaciones recibieron 5 millones de dólares de financiación.
Un evento a gran escala como este revela mucho sobre el ecosistema de Solana y plantea la cuestión de si está preparado para competir con Ethereum por el título de red de contratos inteligentes de primera capa.
Más adelante en la entrevista, lo que dice Yakovenko sobre el tema.
Escalabilidad y Solana La mayor escalabilidad y velocidad de la red, así como el hardware utilizado por los mineros, son dos de las características más notables de la red .
Según los datos del explorador de bloques de Solana, los usuarios ya han utilizado unas 2.500 transacciones por segundo (TPS). El rendimiento máximo es de aproximadamente 50.000 TPS, y aún falta mucho, pero el ecosistema se está expandiendo rápidamente.
Preguntaron a Yakovenko cuánto falta para el próximo avance significativo en el tamaño de la blockchain de Solana, y si cree que la demanda de capacidad superará el ritmo de innovación del hardware.
«La forma en que Solana funciona es que trata de dar cuenta de toda la carga de la red moviendo la mayor cantidad de operaciones a través de la tubería de transacciones como sea posible», dice Yakovenko.
Como la ejecución de un nodo es similar a la ejecución de aplicaciones suscritas a un estado en tiempo real, incluso las votaciones de consenso se incluyen en las transacciones.
Esa aplicación consume ancho de banda de la red y debe pagar por ello. Así es como funciona el diseño: se dispone de una cierta cantidad de capacidad para trabajar y luego se puede dividir la carga según la demanda.
Nivel de rendimiento en la red «Lo que hemos visto hasta ahora (a partir de noviembre de 2021) es que podemos comprobar el software a unos 50.000 TPS utilizando el hardware con el que nos lanzamos y los validadores con los que debutamos», dijo Yakovenko.
Sin embargo, dijo que ahora observan que las últimas y mejores CPUs, como las de AMD, pueden alcanzar más de 100K – 200K TPS en un sistema moderno .
Sugiere entonces, que para conseguir ese nivel de rendimiento en la red, habría que instalar esta tecnología de alto rendimiento de forma global en cada validador.
«Si hay suficiente demanda, esto sucederá. La gente querrá empezar a actualizarse si llegamos a una fase en la que tengamos una carga sostenida de 10.000 TPS. Y podemos ver que esto está a punto de suceder».
La generación de carga es una tarea difícil para los humanos Así, una actividad humana típica no da mucho trabajo: por ejemplo, Twitter envía aproximadamente 5.000 tweets cada segundo.
Sin embargo, escalar la estructura de lectura, los datos y todo lo demás llevará mucho tiempo. Eso no se le exige a la cadena .
Cuando se ejecutan mercados como el del Proyecto Serum , los creadores de mercado tomarán posiciones automáticamente con mayor rapidez a medida que crezca la profundidad y la escala de los mercados. Pedirán más.
Así que ahí es donde podría agotarse, y si eso ocurre, significa salir corriendo a adquirir material y enviarlo a todo el mundo».
Sin embargo, parecía no preocuparse por lo anterior.
«También estamos mejorando el software para poder utilizar más hardware», afirma Yakovenko. Entre otras cosas, se está empleando la GPU para la verificación de firmas, algo que debería ser posible en el futuro, ya que las GPU se utilizan para ejecutar contratos inteligentes de forma estructural.
Sin embargo, se necesita bastante carga significativa para calcularse a sí misma en este momento; si se observan todos los gráficos y nuestro panel de análisis, se notará que la mayor parte de la carga son operaciones de E/S de la red, como el envío de paquetes, su confirmación y su envío. Sin embargo, son problemas agradables de tener, así que adelante».
Soluciones de capa 1: Hay espacio suficiente para todos Algunas de las soluciones de L1 más populares, como Solana, están siguiendo rápidamente los pasos de Ethereum. En cambio, las aplicaciones creadas en otras cadenas no parecen ser tan interoperables, lo que nos lleva a preguntarnos si alguna vez lo serán.
A este respecto, se preguntó a Yakovenko si cree que se dirigen hacia un entorno de silos y si, al final, una cadena L1 «se lo llevará todo».
«No, las cosas de gobierno de los tokens están en Ethereum, como se puede ver con Audius ahora mismo», dijo.
Según él, «ejecutan aproximadamente un millón de transacciones al día por likes, reproducciones, seguidores y compromisos de usuarios similares.»
«Solana es tan buena como cualquier otra red».
Solana es el camino a seguir ¿Por qué? «Si estás pensando en dónde deberías poner tu aplicación, Solana es el camino a seguir porque es barato y rápido», indicó.
Un teorema puede ser comparado con una capa de liquidación y la capa de ejecución de Solana. Y puedes empezar a organizarlas como quieras si miras tu aplicación, lo que estás construyendo».
El fundador de Solana cree que pueden coexistir múltiples soluciones de capa 1.
«Hay que construir áreas que sean Pareto eficientes», dice. Es decir, cuando haces una compensación, tienes que renunciar a otra».
Continúa diciendo: «Creo que tendrás pegajosidad si haces un aumento significativo en un tema. Creo que Ethereum 2.0 está apuntando al menor coste de hardware socializado posible; están apuntando al menor validador posible, hasta el punto de que los validadores ni siquiera tienen la estancia completa”, explica.
Sólo llevan la cuenta de los códigos de relación . Y ese es un enfoque diferente a mi deseo de adquirir todo el conocimiento del mundo de la cadena lo más rápido posible. Solana elige esta opción.
Ahora sabe qué caso de uso está creando y cómo lo va a resolver. Para eso es bueno Ethereum , pero necesito una aplicación en tiempo real con un gran número de usuarios, aunque no sea financiera como Audios. Quieres todos esos datos en un shard lo más rápido posible.
La integración se realiza sin nuestro conocimiento o consentimiento. No es que Audios tenga que pedirnos ayuda. El último componente de todo es la criptografía. Tenemos una firma criptográfica para Solana, y tú tienes una firma criptográfica para Ethereum, así que es una capa componible.»
SBF y FTX: el punto de inflexión de Solana Sam Bankman Fried (SBF), el director general de FTX y Alameda, dio a conocer el Proyecto Serum en un hilo de Twitter en julio de 2020. Afirmó que eligieron Solana de entre todas las blockchains disponibles.
Yakovenko reconoce que fue un momento decisivo para su blockchain
En retrospectiva, parece que esto fue un estímulo perfecto para el hipercrecimiento de Solana . Yakovenko reconoce que fue un momento decisivo para su blockchain.
«Sin duda, fue un momento decisivo, pero también lo fue para Serum». Creo que lo que demostró fue que se podía tomar algo extremadamente complejo, como un libro de órdenes de límite central, y enviarlo a una blockchain de la que nadie había oído hablar en ese momento».
El hecho de que la gente fuera capaz de hacerlo bien en un periodo de tiempo relativamente corto, aproximadamente cuatro semanas, y salir al mercado con liquidez real y empezar a operar un DEX de estilo completo.
Ese punto de prueba, creo, es la verdadera chispa. No estoy seguro de si es sólo la cultura, o si Rust proporciona una herramienta de sistema superior, pero no hemos visto a nadie fuera de Solana que despache proyectos tan complejos con tanta rapidez».
Cuando se le preguntó sobre los futuros objetivos y avances derivados de la asociación Serum-FTX-Solana , el cofundador respondió
«Supongo que la forma en que trabajamos con FTX, o la forma en que todo el mundo, creo, trabaja con FTX, es que si tienes un gran concepto y quieres llevarlo a cabo, hablas con ellos y todo encaja». Trabajar con ellos es como trabajar con magia».
Los NFT llegan a las redes sociales: Cuidado con Facebook En cuanto al futuro de las criptomonedas, Yakovenko dice estar encantado con las NFT , pero las ve como precursoras de las redes sociales.
«Harán falta algunos años para que estas historias se desarrollen». La bolsa de anuncios es claramente un mercado centralizado que funciona.
¿Cuáles son los puntos fuertes de las cadenas de bloques y que ha demostrado el funcionamiento de los mercados descentralizados?
Se trata de elementos que necesitan ser coordinados por individuos. Las NFT parecen ser la primera entrada en las redes sociales que no se financian con publicidad.
Es únicamente para el beneficio de la comunidad: los creadores de contenidos. Se trata de gente que se lo pasa bien sin dejar de ganarse la vida. ¿Serán capaces de escalar a cien millones de usuarios? Sí. ¿Habrá un lugar para los NFT que pueda albergar a cien millones de personas? No estoy seguro. Pero estoy deseando averiguarlo».
Algunos juegos se entregaron demasiado rápido Cuando se le preguntó acerca de la tendencia más reciente de los NFTs de cripto , el «jugar para ganar», el fundador de Solana respondió que algunos simplemente se enviaron demasiado rápido, lo que él cree que es lo más esencial en cripto hoy.
«Los juegos tardan mucho tiempo en ser lanzados. Así que, dado que enviaron eso, lo enviaron tan rápido como pudieron, que es probablemente lo más significativo en cripto ahora mismo».
Anatoly dijo que las cosas se están moviendo rápidamente en términos de calidad de los juegos y que ahora están construyendo el siguiente nivel de Play-to-Earn .
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Última Actualización: junio 4, 2024
Acerca del Autor Comunicadora social, MBA, egresada de la Universidad del Zulia. Soy docente de educación primaria y parte del colegio de periodistas. Holder de criptomonedas desde el 2018.
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